Once part of King Francis I of France's collection, the Mona Lisa was among the first artworks to be exhibited in the Louvre, which became a national museum after the French Revolution. [63], Because the Mona Lisa's poplar support expands and contracts with changes in humidity, the picture has experienced some warping. Unfortunately, we cannot be absolutely certain that this portrait of Lisa del Giocondo is the painting of the Louvre."[15]. [31], Mona Lisa has no clearly visible eyebrows or eyelashes. Joconde et Wifi. Her gaze is fixed on the observer. - découverte de carricatures d'autres artistes [62], The record of an October 1517 visit by Louis d'Aragon states that the Mona Lisa was executed for the deceased Giuliano de' Medici, Leonardo's steward at the Belvedere Palace between 1513 and 1516[65][66][b]—but this was likely an error. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème la joconde, mona lisa, oeuvre d'art. Léonard de Vinci, la Joconde, Saint Jean Baptiste. [citation needed], The Mona Lisa has had many different decorative frames in its history, owing to changes in taste over the centuries. He analyzed the painting in the Louvre with reflective light technology beginning in 2004, and produced circumstantial evidence for his theory. [79] A year after the theft, Saturday Evening Post journalist Karl Decker met an alleged accomplice named Eduardo de Valfierno, who claimed to have masterminded the theft. [84] The painting was protected by glass because a few years earlier a man who claimed to be in love with the painting had cut it with a razor blade and tried to steal it. Both Vasari and Gian Paolo Lomazzo describe the subject as smiling,[12][95] unlike the subject in Cotte's supposed portrait. Forger Yves Chaudron was to have created six copies of the painting to sell in the US while concealing the location of the original. la joconde. As a result, it was thought that the Mona Lisa had been trimmed. [92][71] In 2020, Cotte published a study alleging that the canvas has a underdrawing, which seems to have been transferred from a preparatory drawing by depositing charcoal in tiny holes. [20], Peruggia was an Italian patriot who believed that Leonardo's painting should have been returned to an Italian museum. Sometime between 1888 and 1905, or perhaps during the picture's theft, the upper brace fell out. [citation needed]. A detailed analysis in 1933 by Madame de Gironde revealed that earlier restorers had "acted with a great deal of restraint. [31], The painting was one of the first portraits to depict the sitter in front of an imaginary landscape, and Leonardo was one of the first painters to use aerial perspective. [19] The Italian name for the painting, La Gioconda, means 'jocund' ('happy' or 'jovial') or, literally, 'the jocund one', a pun on the feminine form of Lisa's married name, Giocondo. La Joconde constitue réellement le portrait de l'idée de calme et de bonheur, de la beauté de la vie. Pourquoi La Joconde a-t-elle une renommée mondiale aussi exceptionnelle, exprimant la peinture en général et l'idéal féminin en particulier ? [78][79] The real culprit was Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia, who had helped construct the painting's glass case. Raphael, who had been to Leonardo's workshop several times, promptly used elements of the portrait's composition and format in several of his works, such as Young Woman with Unicorn (c. 1506),[108] and Portrait of Maddalena Doni (c. The woman appears alive to an unusual extent, which Leonardo achieved by his method of not drawing outlines (sfumato). About this we are now certain. La Joconde (1503-1506). [120] A 2014 New Yorker magazine cartoon parodies the supposed enigma of the Mona Lisa smile in an animation showing progressively more maniacal smiles. La Joconde en folie ! En 2013, mes élèves ont eu en leur main le dessin de la Joconde qu’ils ont ensuite détournée selon leur imagination ! [37], There has been much speculation regarding the painting's model and landscape. [13] In 1516, Leonardo was invited by King Francis I to work at the Clos Lucé near the Château d'Amboise; it is believed that he took the Mona Lisa with him and continued to work on it after he moved to France. During World War II, it was again removed from the Louvre and taken first to the Château d'Amboise, then to the Loc-Dieu Abbey and Château de Chambord, then finally to the Ingres Museum in Montauban. Pour donner un effet vaporeux à sa toile, le peintre a utilisé une technique nommée sfumato, consistant à ap… This note likens Leonardo to renowned Greek painter Apelles, who is mentioned in the text, and states that Leonardo was at that time working on a painting of Lisa del Giocondo. He did so with such force that it shattered the glass case and dislodged a speck of pigment near the left elbow. ... une résurrection d’elle-même transformée, à la façon dont tout dans la nature change et se transforme, désignant dans un geste à la fois spirituel et érotique le sens du verbe à venir, ou à rejoindre. Avec xpression camera n’importe quelle image ou vidéo peut être transformée. Léonard de Vinci : La Joconde . [45] Although the Louvre states that it was "doubtless painted between 1503 and 1506",[8] art historian Martin Kemp says that there are some difficulties in confirming the dates with certainty. [14], The Mona Lisa bears a strong resemblance to many Renaissance depictions of the Virgin Mary, who was at that time seen as an ideal for womanhood. The lamp has a Colour Rendering Index up to 98, and minimizes infrared and ultraviolet radiation which could otherwise degrade the painting. [34][35] In 2007, French engineer Pascal Cotte announced that his ultra-high resolution scans of the painting provide evidence that Mona Lisa was originally painted with eyelashes and with visible eyebrows, but that these had gradually disappeared over time, perhaps as a result of overcleaning. J’ai adoré certaines réalisations et je les partage avec vous : In 1909, the art collector Comtesse de Béhague gave the portrait its current frame,[101] a Renaissance-era work consistent with the historical period of the Mona Lisa. [137][138][139] However, a more recent report has demonstrated that this stereoscopic pair in fact gives no reliable stereoscopic depth. La Joconde, ou Portrait de Mona Lisa, est un tableau de l'artiste Léonard de Vinci, réalisé entre 1503 et 1506 ou entre 1513 et 1516 [1], [2], et peut-être jusqu'à 1519 (l'artiste étant mort cette année-là, le 2 mai) [3], qui représente un portrait mi-corps, probablement celui de la Florentine Lisa Gherardini, épouse de Francesco del Giocondo. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium La Joconde de la plus haute qualité. miroir de poche dimensions : Ø 7,5 cm ref. The Mona Lisa (/ ˌ m oʊ n ə ˈ l iː s ə /; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or [136], The restored painting is from a slightly different perspective than the original Mona Lisa, leading to the speculation that it is part of the world's first stereoscopic pair. This intervention was skilfully executed, and successfully stabilized the crack. [55][56][57] Other later copies of the Mona Lisa, such as those in the National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design and The Walters Art Museum, also display large flanking columns. En fait, le premier film de la série rapportait presque deux fois plus d’argent que le second, La Joconde. "[12][13] Mona in Italian is a polite form of address originating as ma donna – similar to Ma'am, Madam, or my lady in English. ", "New proof said found for "original" Mona Lisa –", "Mona Lisa: A Comparative Evaluation of the Different Versions and Their Copies", Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, "Computer Studies of the Isleworth and Louvre Mona Lisas", Scientific analyses conducted by the Center for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France (C2RMF), Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist, Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci (Milan), Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II, Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus, Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas, The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music, The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences, The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe, Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa, Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword, Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII, Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie, Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil, Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian, Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman, A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts, Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page, The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena, Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist, Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse, Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria, Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine, Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola, Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene, The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family, Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit, Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce, The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents, Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes, Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo, Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mona_Lisa&oldid=1005167665, Paintings of the Louvre by Italian artists, Articles containing Italian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2019, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the material parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Wikipedia articles with Joconde identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 February 2021, at 08:48. [118] Andy Warhol created serigraph prints of multiple Mona Lisas, called Thirty Are Better than One, following the painting's visit to the United States in 1963. ... Un grand merci à Laetice pour cette fiche que j’ai un peu transformée ! La Joconde, ou Portrait de Mona Lisa voire simplement Mona Lisa, est un tableau de l'artiste Léonard de Vinci, réalisé entre 1503 et 1506 ou entre 1513 et 1516 , et peut-être jusqu'à 1519, qui représente un portrait mi-corps, probablement celui de la Florentine Lisa Gherardini, épouse de Francesco del Giocondo.Le flou du tableau est caractéristique de la technique du sfumato. [116] According to Rhonda R. Shearer, the apparent reproduction is in fact a copy partly modelled on Duchamp's own face.[117]. [92][71] The underlying portrait appears to be of a model looking to the side, and lacks flanking columns,[94] but does not fit with historical descriptions of the painting. [103] The renovation of the gallery where the painting now resides was financed by the Japanese broadcaster Nippon Television. [128] In New York, an estimated 1.7 million people queued "in order to cast a glance at the Mona Lisa for 20 seconds or so. 1506). Peruggia may have been motivated by an associate whose copies of the original would significantly rise in value after the painting's theft. The humidity is maintained at 50% ±10%, and the temperature is maintained between 18 and 21 °C. [73] In 1797, it went on permanent display at the Louvre. Mais il ne l’a certainement jamais eu en sa possession. ", "Hidden portrait 'found under Mona Lisa', says French scientist", "Secret Portrait Hidden Under Mona Lisa, Claims French Scientist", "New Study Reveals Potentially Groundbreaking Drawing Hidden Beneath 'Mona Lisa, "Why Leonardo da Vinci's brilliance endures, 500 years after his death", "Biographical index of collectors of pastels", "Mona Lisa fans decry brief encounter with their idol in Paris", "Leonardo da Vinci's Unexamined Life as a Painter", "Louvre exhibit has most da Vinci paintings ever assembled", "Philadelphia Museum of Art - Collections Object : Tea Time (Woman with a Teaspoon)", "Mona Lisa: Who is Hidden Behind the Woman with the Mustache? The unconstrained poplar panel warped freely with changes in humidity, and as a result, a crack developed near the top of the panel, extending down to the hairline of the figure. In 1952, the varnish layer over the background in the painting was evened out. Avec des feuilles canson blanche , nous avons fait tracé des traits à la règle puis tracer les lettres de l’alphabet ou les lettres de son prénom . Subsequently, on 21 April 1974, while the painting was on display at the Tokyo National Museum, a woman sprayed it with red paint as a protest against that museum's failure to provide access for disabled people. [135] The Prado's conclusion that the painting is probably by Salaì (1480–1524) or by Melzi (1493–1572) has been called into question by others. L'énigmatique sourire de la Joconde est celui d'une femme «heureuse», ont tranché des scientifiques après avoir analysé la perception de son expression par un échantillon de personnes. Il faut leur donner plein de matériel à disposition. This was treated on the spot with carbon tetrachloride, and later with an ethylene oxide treatment. In 1919, Marcel Duchamp, one of the most influential modern artists, created L.H.O.O.Q., a Mona Lisa parody made by adorning a cheap reproduction with a moustache and goatee. La jeune femme représentée sur ce tableau s'appelle Mona Lisa del Giocondo. [63], At some point, the Mona Lisa was removed from its original frame. [54] Later paintings by Raphael, such as La velata (1515–16) and Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione (c. 1514–15), continued to borrow from Leonardo's painting. Dated October 1503, the note was written by Leonardo's contemporary Agostino Vespucci. [18][71][72] At some point in the 16th century, a varnish was applied to the painting. [119] The French urban artist known pseudonymously as Invader has created versions of the Mona Lisa on city walls in Paris and Tokyo using a mosaic style. 30 mai 2019 - Découvrez le tableau "Joconde" de Brigitte Gagnon sur Pinterest. It was acquired by King Francis I of France and is now the property of the French Republic itself, on permanent display at the Louvre, Paris since 1797.[10]. [28] The woman sits markedly upright in a "pozzetto" armchair with her arms folded, a sign of her reserved posture. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème la joconde, mona lisa, la madone. "[134], A version of Mona Lisa known as Mujer de mano de Leonardo Abince ("Woman by Leonardo da Vinci's hand") held in Madrid's Museo del Prado was for centuries considered to be a work by Leonardo. [48] Leonardo's right hand was paralytic circa 1517,[49] which may indicate why he left the Mona Lisa unfinished. création Sandra, grande section "[110], By the early 20th century, some critics started to feel the painting had become a repository for subjective exegeses and theories. [25][26][27] The consensus of art historians in the 21st century maintains the long-held traditional opinion that the painting depicts Lisa del Giocondo. [6] The painting's novel qualities include the subject's enigmatic expression,[7] the monumentality of the composition, the subtle modelling of forms, and the atmospheric illusionism. To compensate for fluctuations in relative humidity, the case is supplemented with a bed of silica gel treated to provide 55% relative humidity. The Mona Lisa (/ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə/; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or La Gioconda [la dʒoˈkonda]; French: La Joconde [la ʒɔkɔ̃d]) is a half-length portrait painting by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. 2019 - Activité réalisée cette année en PS. [33] The enigmatic woman is portrayed seated in what appears to be an open loggia with dark pillar bases on either side. [99][100], The picture is kept under strict, climate-controlled conditions in its bulletproof glass case. After the second 1956 attack, restorer Jean-Gabriel Goulinat was directed to touch up the damage to Mona Lisa's left elbow with watercolour. 31 mai 2018 - Découvrez le tableau "Joconde" de Ory Laurence sur Pinterest. In 2004–05, a conservation and study team replaced the maple crosspieces with sycamore ones, and an additional metal crosspiece was added for scientific measurement of the panel's warp. [80] He carried out the theft by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet, and walking out with the painting hidden under his coat after the museum had closed. [130], In 2014, 9.3 million people visited the Louvre. [44] He had begun working on a portrait of Lisa del Giocondo, the model of the Mona Lisa, by October 1503. [106][107], The Mona Lisa began influencing contemporary Florentine painting even before its completion. création Sandra, grande section ... - puis les enfants réinventent leur propre "Joconde" : choix totalement libre ! Léonard de Vinci, la Joconde ou Mona Lisa(3) ... Elle représente l´intelligence transformée en Sagesse réceptive qui permettra la transmission de la Force Universelle qui la traverse, symbolisée par le ciel étoilé. Il faut leur donner plein de matériel à disposition. La Joconde dans tous ses états. [142] Some experts, including Frank Zöllner, Martin Kemp and Luke Syson denied the attribution to Leonardo;[143][144] professors such as Salvatore Lorusso, Andrea Natali,[145] and John F Asmus supported it;[146] others like Alessandro Vezzosi and Carlo Pedretti were uncertain. [140], A version of the Mona Lisa known as the Isleworth Mona Lisa was first bought by an English nobleman in 1778 and was rediscovered in 1913 by Hugh Blaker, an art connoisseur. [50][51][52][a], Circa 1505,[54] Raphael executed a pen-and-ink sketch, in which the columns flanking the subject are more apparent. The Mona Lisa was not included because it is in such great demand among visitors to the museum; the painting remained on display in its gallery. Some researchers claim that it was common at this time for genteel women to pluck these hairs, as they were considered unsightly. After going through the queue, a group has about 30 seconds to see the painting. The Mona Lisa is one of the most valuable paintings in the world. Qui était la Joconde ? [121] Il est connu en partie pour son sourire énigmatique. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962[11] (equivalent to $660 million in 2019).
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