However markets are also flooded by the same products from Guinea Bissau, Guinea Conakry or sometimes even Mali, maad was controlled and registered on the national territory, between 2014 and 2015 respectively 1132 to 1427 tons maad [36] . Saba trees are not cultivated for fruits. 2 entries found in World Checklist; Bibliographies. Accessed: 2018 Oct. 24. Saba senegalensis is a large woody liana with white latex, dark gray bark, can reach more than 40 m high and a trunk that can measure up to 47 cm in diameter. Saba is a fruit from Africa.It is believed to be a native of Sahel of Africa. Saba senegalensis is a large woody liana with white latex, dark gray bark, can reach more than 40 m high and a trunk that can measure up to 47 cm in diameter. The products are either packed in very large baskets called “Damba” transported in trucks for those coming from Kedougou and part of Casamance or transported by boat to the other part of Casamance for supplies in the rest of the country. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Copyright © 2006-2018 Scientific Research Publishing Inc. All rights reserved. It grows in all types of soil. Fruits which until now were only consumed in their natural form. The Saba fruit of Senegal has different vernacular names which vary according to the dialect spoken by the local populations. It also helps to fight against cough and tuberculosis [34] . Wetland Status. Saba senegalensis is a plant that grows in most countries in West Africa. nistr ative s (S ourou et N ayala) et limit é par six aut res prov inces (Mouhoun , Kossi, Y atenga, Zondoma, Pas soré et Sanguié) et la Répub lique du Mali au Nord (figu re 1). Although at the “Syndicat” market, the marketing of maad occupies more than 100 half-wholesalers and about sixty wholesalers. The entire wiki with photo and video galleries for each article Brilliant on upper surface, an elliptical or oval limber glabrous barely acuminate and shiny above, about 8 to 15 cm long and 4 to 6 cm wide [14] with a rounded or rounded base and apex short obtuse tip, 8 to 14 pairs of lateral veins, translucent fresh, and a network of fine nerves (Figure 2). These are, however, sometimes protected by villagers for picking their fruits and also for me4dicinal uses. Homonyms Saba senegalensis (A.DC.) It has economic potential given the enthusiasm of the various actors of the distribution and marketing exploitation circuit. Saba senegalensis Name Synonyms Landolphia senegalensis (A.DC.) Le madd ou Saba senegalensis Aussi appelé zaban (en bambara ou dioula), malombo (Congo), maad (en wolof) et made (en français d’Afrique), ou wèda (en mooré), c’est un … Very soft and juicy, the pulp is sweet and tart and the skin of the fruit has a green color before maturity [13] , but at its physiological maturity, its color becomes orange (Figure 2). In Dakar, the maad found on the market comes largely from the sub region Casamance, comes second and then Kédougou and Kolda region. It’s also content thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B6. Evolution of S. senegalensis recorded production in Senegal from 1997 to 2015 [36] . glabriflora (Hua) Pichon Vahea senegalensis A.DC. No matching references found in Library Catalogue; Collections. The leaves are used in cases of migraine or food poisoning [1] [2] , but also in the treatment of injuries when they are pounded [1] . Frutto. Leaves opposite, petiole 4-14.5 mm long; lamina 1.5-3 times as long as wide, apex rounded, obtuse, shortly acuminate or apiculate with 7-14 pairs of secondary veins, tertiary venation reticulate or scalariform, submarginal veins abundant. SENEGAL | THE SABA SENEGALENSIS FRUIT We are in the season of this delicious fruit called Madd in Wolof or Saba senegalensis. It was Marcel Pichon, however, who reclassified it into to valid classification in 1953, and today he drives primarily to the edge of the river, in areas with wooded savannahs, wet areas in gallery forests [4] [5] . Like such others fruits, Saba is very rich in carbohydrates but values vary widely from author to author in the range of 11 - 74.23 g/100 g [20] [22] [23] [24] [26] [27] . Maad contents an appreciate level of 945.83 mg/100 g polyphenols [21] , mainly composed of flavonoids and anthocyanins. Flowering is spread over the whole year and the peak of flowering is between April and May, some plans may be in flower and fruit [1] [15] (Figure 2). The dark gray bark can reach more than 40 m and a trunk up to 47 cm in diameter [2] [3] [4] . Native of West Africa, Saba senegalensis belongs to the family of Apocynaceae, and is a wild plant that is mainly exploited in the diet. In Senegal, it comes largely from Casamance (southern Senegal) and Kedougou (eastern Senegal) (Figure 4) and is also present in widely dispersed individuals Niayes [10] [11] . Botanical Family Apocynaceae. It helps to fight against vomiting, stomach pain and anemia [2] [9] . Related Links. The fruits are collected by people in villages and sold. The main destinations are the country’s major markets: Kolda, Diaobe, Bignona, Touba, Dinguiraye and Dakar which is the. Saba senegalensis pulp is used for jam and juice production in Senegal and Burkina Faso. Common Name:Nsaban, kabaa Description Saba senegalensis is a liana up to 40 m long, often shrub like; trunk up to 20 cm in diameter. The Saba’s fruit is very rich in vitamin C. Nafan et al. In Senegal, the fruit is eaten as it or transformed into puree, nectar, syrup, canned etc. Thus, the study of the stability of the products resulting from the transformation must be envisaged in order to reduce the post-harvest losses and to ensure a good conservation of these products but especially in a general way to contribute to the valorization of this fruit very appreciated by the population. Figure 5. In Senegal, the maad can be transformed using a mechanical extractor and this primary transformation the maad makes it possible to obtain a refined puree (Figure 6(a)) which can subsequently be converted into several finished products such as nectars (Figure 6(c) and Figure 7), syrups, concentrated bases and marmalades. Diversification of tree crops; The nutritional composition of the pulp (Table 2) is subject to very large. Leaves are opposite, dark green, elliptical, lanceolate and petiolate with entire margins. There are also small baskets of 25 or 20 kg. Retailers, who occupy the last link in the chain, sell the product per unit ranging from 50 to 250 CFA depending on the size. The Fulani consider the fruits still green and cooked with salt as an effective diuretic drug and fast acting [31] . Leaves opposite, petiole 4-14.5 mm long; lamina 1.5-3 times as long as wide, apex rounded, obtuse, shortly acuminate or apiculate with 7-14 pairs of secondary veins, tertiary venation reticulate or scalariform, submarginal veins abundant. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (2019). There are even some forest harvesters who harvest only green fruits in order to lengthen the conservation and reduce losses, but the disadvantage of this method is that the quality of the fruit is mainly due to the early harvest, that is to say the fruit has not yet reached maturity. This cause might not be recognized by radiologists who are not aware of SS CT features. Saba is a highly prized fruit and in parts of Africa, these are also important to the rural economy. Inst. [16] , in wooded savanna areas in humid areas, in gallery forests and in ravines and rocky hills [1] [9] . Saba senegalensis is a medicinal food plants and has the potential of contributing to soil and water conservation. It is by Cesar Calderon at USDA APHIS PPQ. Published on the internet. Common Name Senegal saba. After the wholesalers, the resellers will repackage the products in large baskets; 50 or 60 kg, or average baskets weighing 35 or 40 kg. Figure 8. Quantity of S. senegalensis distributed in Dakar from 2013 to 2015 [36] . With a peak of 2370 tons in 2004 [36] , the total national maad production in Senegal cannot be accurately advanced for the moment as it ignores the quantity consumed and sold in the villages or used by chimpanzees or other animals. Saba senegalensis (A. The gathering is carried out essentially by the women and the children who resell basins or baskets of fruits in the weekly markets of the production areas to itinerant traders or to the itinerant traders known as “Banas Banas”. Preferably seedlings newly germinated thank you Gustavo. The following matches were found for "Saba senegalensis": (Your search term was understood as: Genus = Saba and species = senegalensis) Plant names. see the world log on website by shawn murray (ssmurray@gmail.com and http://ssmurray.googlepages.com) and aaron darling Sabasenegalensis Sabasenegalensis(Bambara:NsabanorZaban;English: Senegal saba; French(fromaPulaarbastardization): lianesaba;Wolof: madormaddor“kabaa”inGam- A cette catégorie, appartient le «Saba Senegalensis» (de son nom scientifique) plus connu ici sous l’appellation de «madd». glabriflora Hua Saba senegalensis var. The inside of the shell is also covered with superficial skin that can be consumed. Reference page. Meanwhile, the important of these products in the life of populations allows, without quantitative data, to say that the quantity exploited is largely underestimated because of the local consumption not taken into account. Jump to navigation Jump to search. On average during the 2013-2015 periods, 1103.55 t of maad were consumed in Dakar. The sepals are 1 - 1.5 times longer than broad, the stamens are inserted 3.5 - 6 mm above the base of the corolla. A wholesaler sells about 10 bags of 70 kg on average a day, where a half-wholesaler sells 1 bag and makes a margin of 5000 FCFA/day. Saba senegalensis (Bambara: Nsaban or Zaban; English: Senegal saba; French (from a Pulaar bastardization): liane saba; Wolof: mad or madd or 'kabaa' in Gambian Wolof; Pulaar: laare) is a shrub-like fruit tree of the Apocynaceae family, native to the Sahel region of sub-Saharan Africa. Franç. The titratable acidity is from 30 up to 78.5 meq/100 ml; this high content explains the acid taste of the fruit with a malic acid concentration of 47.2 mg/100 g [24] . Member; Posts: 120; Canada; Re: Saba Senegalensis seedling pics. The fruit is a globose shell, 7 to 10 cm long, 6 to 8 cm wide. However it does not contain tannins or alkaloids [27] . https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1996.9700618. (a) Fruit, (b) Leaf and (c) Flower of Saba senegalensis [10] . Sarr, M.G., Ndiaye, N.D., Ayessou, N.C., Faye, P.G., Cisse, M., Sakho, M. and Diop, C.M. Further researches on the nutritional and therapeutic properties deserve to be conducted. The generic name is adapted from the name of the plant Maninka, the specific epithet senegalensis refers to Senegal in West Africa where it was collected for identification [4] [9] and (Table 1). Clinging to branches of trees with its tendrils [8] , it is often anelian with a trunk that can. Interpreting Wetland Status. It grows mainly along riverbanks, in wooded savannah areas in humid areas, in gallery forests and in rocky ravines and hills. Despite its high nutritional potential, its many therapeutic virtues and its economic potential, Saba senegalensis remains under-exploited. DC.) Afrique Noire 35: 316 (1953). Stamens inserted 3.5-6 mm above the corolla base; filaments 0.4-1 x 0.1 mm, anthers 1-2 x 0.2-0.5 mm, ovary often ribbed, glabrous with ca 30 ovules, style 1.5-3 mm long, pistil-head 1.7-2 mm long, basal part up to 1.8 mm long. 10.4236/fns.2018.99080, Médoune Gaye Sarr1,2, Nafissatou Diop Ndiaye3, Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou1,2*, Papa Guedel Faye1,2, Mady Cisse1,2, Mama Sakho1,2, Codou Mar Diop1,2, 1Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique, University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, Sénégal, 2Laboratoire d’Electrochimie et des Procédés Membranaires, Centre d’Etudes sur la Sécurité Alimentaire et les Molécules Fonctionnelles (CESAM), Dakar, Sénégal, 3Institut de Technologie Alimentaire (ITA), Atelier de transformation des fruits et légumes, Dakar, Sénégal. Table 2. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 9, 1099-1111. https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2018.99080. It grows mainly along riverbanks, in wooded savannah areas in humid areas, in gallery forests and in rocky ravines and hills. The fruit is tasty, sweet-sour with yellow pulp when ripe [1]. The packaging bag weighs on average 65 kg [29] . These areas are characterized by maritime trade winds with an average annual temperature of 26˚C - 31˚C, a dry climate with considerable variations in humidity. Scientific plant list. Food and Nutrition Sciences In rural areas, maad is used to enhance the taste of cereal porridge [2] [29] . Tổng quan. Paris, Dakar Collation 35: 316 Family as entered in IPNI Approximate Range of Saba senegalensis [4] . The rainy season lasts from 2 to 4 months with a maximum of precipitation during the month of August for an annual average of 400 to 1200 mm [17] . The tree grows predominantly on riverbanks and in woodlands. StatBalise Suivi Alimentation Scolaire Senegal là một Shareware phần mềm trong danh mục Thể loại khác được phát triển bởi StatBalise Suivi Alimentation Scolaire Senegal.. Phiên bản mới nhất của StatBalise Suivi Alimentation Scolaire Senegal hiện thời không rõ. Table 3. Native of West Africa, Saba senegalensis belongs to the family of Apocynaceae, and is a wild plant that is mainly exploited in the diet. The plant has a rough or scaly bark of dark gray color with a pale red slice [1] . Your email address will not be published. Kotschy & Peyr. More Accounts and Images; ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (SASE15) Integrated Taxonomic Information System … It is commonly found growing in Western Tropical Africa from Senegal to Togo. The species can live in various ecological conditions with an average annual rainfall ranging from 100 mm to 1300 mm and in altitudes of 0 - 800 m [4] [18] , it is resistant to bush fire. After having conditioned the fruits of maad or in bags that were previously used for the conditioning of the rice or the onion, these Banas Banas will declare these products at the level of the agents of waters and forests by paying 15 francs CFA kg to be able to take them out and sell them on the market. As it matures, it goes from green, its initial color, to light orange [13] . It can be eaten as is or seasoned with sugar, salt and/or chilly [1] [7] [9] . Dry root bark powder is applied to wounds as healing [9] [32] . main place of disembarkation and distribution of maad especially in the “Syndicat, Tilene or Port” markets where wholesalers, semi-wholesalers and retailers are responsible for resale. But it happens that its seeds germinate in places where there is no support and therefore the plant manages to the place where it sprouted. A Dissertation to the Horticulture department of the University for Development Studies (unpublished). Pichon Common names Senegal saba in English liane saba in French mad in language. The evaluation of the nutritional and aromatic potential of the pulp is very incomplete, particularly as regards the profile of polyphenols, carotenoids and aroma compounds. Senegal, Saba senegalensis, Fruit, Uses, Composition. Your email address will not be published. Inflorescence a 3-30 flowered lax cyme, peduncle 2.5-6 cm long, pedicels 2.5-8 mm long. Saba senegalensis. In Senegal, it comes largely from Casamance (Southern Senegal) and Kedougou (eastern Senegal). It’s the best time to taste it, but it will not wait, because this moment is also expected by other animals, particularly the monkey that feeds heavily on this fruit. Saba senegalensis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. measure up to 47 cm in diameter [3] [4] [5] . Saba senegalensis has a long and rich history in herbal medicine with noted native use. It fights against several types of diseases. Famiy: Apocynaceae. It is a fruit that is very popular with the population and can be consumed as such or can be processed into puree, nectar, jams and preserves [1] [7] . Figure 7. Generally we distinguish in its range of distribution according to the nature of the support, climbing species, and the lack of support of the bush species. Generally, Saba creeper returns to fruiting in less than two years [19] . They are hemostatic, anti-gonorrheal, antiseptic, anti-emetic and healing [1] [2] . Saba senegalensis Pichon, Mem. This marketing on long journeys is facilitated by the long shelf life of the fruit which can be kept in good condition for (8 to 10) days if it enjoys good transport and storage conditions [12] . In the literature it is identified by other names such as: Vubea or Vabea senegalensis A. The tree grows predominantly on riverbanks and in woodlands in Guiné-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Somalia, Mali and Ivory Coast. The leaves are prepared in sauces and condiments as an aperitif with a salty or sweet taste [2] [31] . Yum!! Our bibliographic study proposes a selection and a compilation of information available in the literature and research results on the botany, composition and uses of maad to better understand the nutritional and economic potential of the fruit. Found mainly in South Sudan and West Africa, particularly in Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Ghana, The Gambia, the 2 Guineas, Mali, Niger [4] , Saba senegalensis (A. The fruits of the maad also contain an essential oil whose major compounds terpineol (29.8%), linalool (18%) and benzoic acid (9.2%) [28] . The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper. Figure 2. see the world log on website by shawn murray (ssmurray@gmail.com and http://ssmurray.googlepages.com) and aaron darling (a) Maad puree, (b) Raw pulp, (c) Maad nectar, (d) Maad preserve. It is commonly found growing in Western Tropical Africa from Senegal to Togo. Bandoma, E. (2009). Bark rough or scaly. Comparing the national production consumed in Dakar and the maad import market arriving in Dakar. The fruit contents 41.43 until 80% water with a low pH (2.24). variations which are obviously related to the variability of climatic conditions, to the nature of the soil, but also to the various methods of analysis used. Table 1. The fruit of Saba is a large ovoid berry, of yellow-orange color at maturity [4] containing seven to twenty nuclei depending on the size covered, of a juicy acidulous pulp. The macerate leaves help fight against vomiting and stomachaches [32] . Sepals shortly apiculate. Saba plant is also very ornamental and so is often grown as an edible ornamental in the garden. The chain of distribution of this fruit extends on the secondary markets of Dakar and the interior as well as in the districts. The fruit is a globose shell, 7 to 10 cm long, 6 to 8 cm wide. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Received: August 2, 2018; Accepted: September 17, 2018; Published: September 20, 2018. The fruit is a large ovoid, bumpy, globose berry, 7 to 10 cm long, 6 to 8 cm wide that contains seeds coated with slightly translucent yellow and fibrous pulps [10] [11] . It is haemostatic and coagulant [2] [9] . Table 3 presents the quantity of maad consumed in Dakar from 2013 to 2015. This page was last edited on 16 June 2015, at 11:24. The roots of this species are used in the care of female infertility and treat skin burns. ! Further research on the antioxidant and therapeutic properties of maad should be carried out as well as the study of thermal degradation of antioxidant molecules. Son fruit est appelé laaré (en soussou de Guinée), zaban (en bambara ou dioula), malombo ou makalakonki (dans le bassin du Congo), maad (en wolof), made (en français d'Afrique), wèda (en mooré), côcôta (en Côte d'Ivoire), et mkonkar (en manjaque The leaves are opposite, elliptical, dark green in color, about 8 to 15 cm long and 4 to 6 cm wide. DC.) They are also blended with water and sugar and made into fruity beverage. Many losses are recorded in fruit production and conservation poses serious problems for loggers [7] . Its fruit is characterized by its wealth of antioxidant molecules including polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamin C, but especially because of its high acidity. Hassler, M. 2018. Would anyone have photos of seedlings or seeds of SABA Senegalensis? But still saba is not grown as an orchard fruit except in gardens as a sample tree. In Senegal, there is only one variety of Saba Senegalensis belonging to the Spermaphyte branch, the Magnoliophyta sub-branch, the Magnoliopsida class, the Asteridae subclass to the order of the Gentianales and the family of Apocynaceae [8] . DC.) Of course, some trees are planted in garden as specimen plants or for ornamental purposes. Figure 3. Despite its high nutritional potential, its many therapeutic virtues and its economic potential, Saba senegalensis is still under-exploited. Pichon is a large, woody, latex vine that can grow to more than 40 m in height and has tendrils in the Apocynaceae family [1] . 2.0 2.1; Gikan sa gawas nga tinubdan It is believed to be a native of Sahel of Africa. Green fruits fight against sterility, galactagogic, colic [2] [32] . Saba senegalensis est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Apocynaceae.. Logged mwambao. Its fruit is very popular with the population. The fruits are collected from wild only. It can also be processed into mashed potatoes, nectar, jams, preserves and maad jellies [30] . Il frutto della Saba senegalensis ha una scorza esterna gialla e dura.Il frutto è riempito internamente da baccelli di semi che possono essere succhiati, similmente a quello che si può fare con il tamarindo.Il sapore è descritto come frizzante e aspro, come quello del mango o del limone.Nei paesi saheliani si usa frequentemente per produrre un succo (màdd in Senegal). zones. One of the characteristics of Saba senegalensis is the level of β-carotene (vitamin A) which is estimated at 1.55 mg/100 g [8] . Pichon – Senegal saba Subordinate Taxa. Maad picking in the production areas is very organized; the start date of picking is still fixed and is reserved only for local populations. maceration, as a drink, is considered to be anti-blennorrhagic or with other plants [1] .
Le Bon Coin 74 Voiture, Partition Vierge Guitare, Boîte Naissance Personnalisée, Ariane Contre Le Minotaure Arbre Généalogique, Bac Pro Langue Vivante, Citation Sur Hier Aujourd'hui Demain, Rescue Bearded Collie, Camp De Prisonniers De Guerre 5 Lettres, Nouveauté M6 Boutique, Lettre De Motivation Contrat Pacte, Quelles Sont Les Tâches D'un Responsable Administratif, Session Formation Brancardier,
Protection